The term “Golden Passport” captures the allure of securing a second citizenship through investment, offering individuals the chance to unlock global opportunities and security. With around 20 countries worldwide providing legal pathways to citizenship via investment, the concept has gained traction among those seeking enhanced mobility, stability, and an expanded horizon. Among these, the five Caribbean Citizenship by Investment programs stand out for their transparency, efficiency, and streamlined processes, making them an attractive choice for individuals and families alike.
Having evolved over decades, Golden Passport programs not only promise a second passport but also access to a lifestyle defined by greater stability and freedom. Here’s a concise timeline of notable programs followed by an overview of the five active Caribbean CBI programs in more detail:
- 1984: St. Kitts and Nevis launched the first formal CBI program, later revamped in 2006.
- 1993: Belize introduced a program but discontinued it within a few years due to security and due diligence concerns.
- 1995: Grenada’s initial CBI program was suspended in 2001 following criticism over due diligence standards.
- 1997: Dominica introduced its CBI program, which has become a major contributor to national development.
- 1999: Mauritius implemented a residency-based citizenship program, differing from traditional CBI models.
- 2007: Antigua and Barbuda announced its CBI program, officially launching in 2013.
- 2008: Cyprus launched a popular EU CBI program, terminated in 2021 over misuse concerns.
- 2010: Montenegro briefly introduced a CBI program; a revamped version in 2020 ended in 2022 due to challenges.
- 2012: Malta introduced its Individual Investor Program, later replaced by a stricter residency-based CBI scheme in 2020.
- 2013: Grenada reinstated its CBI program.
- 2014: St. Lucia became the fifth Caribbean country to launch a CBI program.
- 2017: Türkiye introduced its CBI program.
- 2020: North Macedonia launched a CBI program, though it remains relatively inactive.
- 2021: Egypt initiated its CBI program.
- 2022: Jordan launched its CBI program.
Overview of five active Caribbean CBI programs
Dominica
Dominica’s Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programme offers excellent global mobility, with visa-free or visa-on-arrival travel to over 150 countries. Applicants can choose between a donation of US$200,000 or a real estate investment of a similar amount. The process is simple and usually takes 3-4 months. There’s no requirement to live in the country.
Grenada
Grenada’s CBI programme combines the perks of visa-free or visa-on-arrival travel to more than 140 countries, business opportunities, and a relaxed, tropical lifestyle. Applicants can contribute US$235,000 or invest in property starting at US$270,000. The process is straightforward, taking 4-6 months, with investments only required after approval. There’s no need to reside in Grenada.
Saint Lucia
Saint Lucia’s programme provides the freedom to travel visa-free or with visa-on-arrival to over 140 destinations. The application process is smooth and typically takes 4-6 months. Applicants can either donate US$240,000 or invest in real estate starting at US$300,000. There’s no requirement to reside in Saint Lucia to maintain citizenship.
Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda’s Golden Passport programme opens the door to visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 150 countries. Applicants can contribute US$230,000 to a government fund, invest in real estate starting at US$325,000, or explore business investment options. The process is efficient, taking 3-4 months, and families can apply together. New citizens must only spend five days in Antigua and Barbuda within the first five years.
St. Kitts and Nevis
St. Kitts and Nevis, home to the world’s first Citizenship by Investment programme, offers visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 150 countries. Applicants can donate US$250,000 or invest in a property from US$400,000. The process is quick and efficient, with approvals in 4-6 months, and there’s no need to live in the country.
